µ«Äã¿ÉÄܲ»ÖªµÀ£¬Ô¼Äª50%µÄñ²ðﻼÕß±£´æ¹²²¡ÇéÐΣ¬ÕâÒâζ×ųýÁËñ²ðïÖ®Í⣬ËûÃÇ»¹¿ÉÄÜ°éÓÐÆäËû¿µ½¡ÎÊÌâ[1]¡£ 6ÔÂ28ÈÕÊÇ¡°µÚÊ®°Ë¸ö¹ú¼Êñ²ðï¹Ø°®ÈÕ¡±£¬½ñÄêÐû´«Ö÷ÌâΪ¡°¹Ø×¢ñ²ðï¹²²¡¡±£¬Ö¼ÔÚºôÓõÈËÃǹØ×¢ÔçÆÚɸ²é¡¢Õï¶ÏºÍÖÎÁÆñ²ðï¹²²¡£¬¸ü׼ȷµØʶ±ð²¡Òò£¬¸üºÃµØ¸ÄÉÆ»¼ÕßÔ¤ºóºÍÉúÑÄÖÊÁ¿¡£
ñ²ðï¹²²¡µÄÕïÖÎÓ¦ÄÉÈëñ²ðﻼÕߵĽ¹µãÕïÁÆÀú³Ì ñ²ðï¹²²¡£¬Óֳƹ²»¼²¡£¬ÊÇÖ¸»¼Õßͬʱ»¼ÓзÇÒò¹û¹ØÁªµÄÁ½ÖÖ¼°Á½ÖÖÒÔÉϼ²²¡£¬»®·ÖµÖ´ïÿÖÖ¼²²¡µÄÕï¶Ï±ê×¼[2]¡£ ñ²ðﻼÕßÖй²»¼²¡µÄÇéÐηǾ³£¼û£¬°üÀ¨Éñ¾Ïµ×ܹ²²¡¡¢¾«Éñ¹²²¡¼°ÇûÌå¹²²¡µÈ¡£ Éñ¾Ïµ×ܹ²²¡£ºñ²ðﻼÕß¿ÉÄܹ²»¼ÆäËûÉñ¾ÏµÍ³¼²²¡£¬ÈçÆ«Í·Í´¡¢Ë¯ÃßÕÏ°¡¢ÄÔ×äÖеȡ£ÕâЩ¼²²¡¿ÉÄÜ»áÓëñ²ðïÏ໥×÷Óã¬Ó°Ï컼ÕßµÄÉñ¾¹¦Ð§ºÍ±¬·¢ÆµÂÊ¡£ ¾«Éñ¹²²¡£ºñ²ðﻼÕßÖÐÓнϸ߱ÈÀýµÄÈ˹²»¼¾«ÉñÕÏ°£¬°üÀ¨ÒÖÓôÕÏ°¡¢½¹ÂÇÕÏ°¡¢¹Â¿àÖ¢¡¢Ë«ÏàÇéÐ÷ÕÏ°µÈ¡£ÕâЩ¾«Éñ¿µ½¡ÎÊÌâ¿ÉÄÜ»áÓ°Ï컼ÕßµÄÇéÐ÷״̬¡¢Éç½»ÄÜÁ¦ºÍÒ»Ñùƽ³£ÉúÑĹ¦Ð§¡£ ÇûÌå¹²²¡£ºñ²ðﻼÕßÒ²¿ÉÄܹ²»¼Ò»Ð©ÇûÌå¼²²¡£¬ÈçÖ×Áö¡¢ÐÄÔಡ¡¢¸ßѪѹ¡¢Ïû»¯ÏµÍ³¼²²¡¡¢Ïø´µÈ¡£ÕâЩ¼²²¡¿ÉÄÜ»áÓ°Ï컼ÕßµÄÕûÌ念½¡×´Ì¬£¬ÐèÒª×ۺϹÜÀíºÍÖÎÁÆ¡£ ñ²ðﻼÕß¹²»¼ÆäËû¼²²¡µÄ¼¸ÂÊÔ¶¸ßÓÚÒ»Ñùƽ³£ÈËȺ£¬ÕâÔöÌíÁËñ²ðïµÄÕï¶ÏºÍÖÎÁÆÄѶȣ¬ÑÏÖØÓ°Ï컼ÕßµÄÉúÑÄÖÊÁ¿£¬ÉõÖÁ¿ÉÄÜÔöÌí»¼ÕßµÄÖ²ÐÂʺÍéæÃüÂÊ¡£Òò´Ë£¬Ïà¹Ø²¿·ÖÒÑÐû²¼¶à¸ö°æ±¾µÄר¼Ò¹²Ê¶£¬ºôÓõ½«ñ²ðï¹²²¡µÄÕïÖÎÄÉÈëñ²ðﻼÕߵĽ¹µãÕïÁÆÀú³Ì¡£
ʶ±ðñ²ðﲡÒòÓëÕï¶Ï¹²²¡ÏศÏà³É ñ²ðïÊÇÒ»ÖÖÖØ´óµÄÄÔ²¿¼²²¡£¬Æ䲡Òò¶àÑù¡£¹ú¼Ê¿¹ñ²ðïͬÃË£¨ILAE£©·ÖÀàÊÂÇé×齨Ò齫ñ²ðﲡÒò·ÖΪÁù´óÀࣺÒÅ´«ÐÔ¡¢½á¹¹ÐÔ¡¢´úлÐÔ¡¢ÃâÒßÐÔ¡¢Ñ¬È¾ÐÔ¼°²¡Òò²»Ã÷[3]¡£ÔÚÕï¶Ïñ²ðïʱ£¬Ê¶±ðÆäÏêϸ²¡Òò¹ØÓÚÖÎÁƺ͹ÜÀíÒ²ÖÁ¹ØÖ÷Òª¡£ Ê×ÏÈ£¬Ïàʶñ²ðïµÄÏêϸ²¡Òò¿ÉÒÔ×ÊÖúÒ½Éúʶ±ð¿ÉÄÜÅãͬµÄ¹²²¡¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩÃâÒßÐÔ²¡Òòµ¼ÖÂñ²ð¡ª¿¹NMDAR¿¹ÌåÄÔÑ×£¬ÁÕß·ºÆð¾«ÉñÐÐΪÒì³£»òÈÏÖªË𺦡£67%-76%µÄ¿¹NMDAR¿¹ÌåÄÔÑ×»¼Õß·ºÆðñ²ðﱬ·¢£¬¶ùͯ»¼ÕßÔòÏÕЩËùÓзºÆðñ²ðﱬ·¢ÇÒÒ»Á¬×´Ì¬³£¼û[4]¡£ ±ðµÄ£¬¹²²¡µÄ±£´æ¿ÉÄÜÈÃÈ·¶¨ñ²ðﲡÒò±äµÃÔ½·¢ÖØ´ó¡£µ«Ò»µ©Ê¶±ð³ö¹²²¡£¬Ò½Éú¾ÍÄܸüÖÜÈ«µØ˼Á¿ÖÎÁƼƻ®£¬²»µ«Õë¶Ôñ²ðﱬ·¢£¬Ò²Õë¶Ô¹²²¡µÄÖÎÁÆ¡£ ͬʱ£¬²¡ÒòµÄʶ±ð»¹ÄÜ×ÊÖúÒ½ÉúÔ¤·ÀºÍ¸ÉÔ¤¿ÉÄܵĹ²²¡£¬ïÔÌ»¼ÕߵĿµ½¡Î£º¦£¬×ÊÖú»¼Õß¾¡Ôç»Ø¹éÕý³£ÉúÑÄ¡£
¾«×¼Õï¶Ïñ²ðﲡÒò¼°Æä¹²²¡ÐèÒª×ۺϼì²é
ÏÖÔÚ²¢Ã»Óмòµ¥µÄ¼ì²é£¬¿ÉÒÔÒ»´ÎÐÔʶ±ðËùÓпÉÄܵÄñ²ðﲡÒò²¢Õï¶Ï¹²²¡¡£Í¨³£»¼ÕßÐèÒª½ÓÊܶàÖÖ¼ì²éÒÔÈ·¶¨¼²²¡µÄÀàÐͺÍˮƽ£¬ÒÔ±ãÒ½ÉúÖƶ©¸üÓÐÓõÄÖÎÁÆÍýÏë¡£
ñ²ðï¼òÖ±ÕïÐèҪ͎ỼÕߵIJ¡Ê·ÍêÕûÐÔ¡¢Ìå¸ñ¼ì²é¹æ·¶»¯¡¢¸¨Öú¼ì²éÈý·½Ã档ͨÀý¼ì²é°üÀ¨ÄÔµçͼ¡¢Ðĵçͼ¡¢Éñ¾Ó°Ïñѧ¼ì²é¡¢ÑªÒººÍÄÔ¼¹Òº¼ì²é¡¢´úлɸ²é¡¢ÄòÒº¼ì²éµÈ¡£Õë¶ÔÅãͬÓÐÆäËûÁÙ´²Ö¢×´»ò²»µä·¶±¬·¢ÌåÏֵĻ¼Õߣ¬»ùÒò¼ì²â¡¢×ÔÉí¿¹ÌåÆ׵ȼì²âÊÖ¶ÎÔÚʶ±ð²¡Òò¼°Æä¹²²¡È·ÕïÉÏ£¬ÍùÍù¸ü¾ß¼ÛÖµ¡£
×÷ΪÐÐÒµÁìÏȵÄҽѧÕï¶ÏÕûÌ廯½â¾ö¼Æ»®ÌṩÕߣ¬mg±ùÇòÍ»ÆƹÙÍøÍøվΧÈÆñ²ðï¼°ñ²ðï¹²²¡£¬Îª¿í´ó»¼ÕßÌṩ×ÔÉíÃâÒßÐÔñ²ðÌå¼ì²â¡¢È«ÍâÏÔ×Ó²âÐò¡¢ñ²ðïÒ©Îï¸öÐÔ»¯»ùÒò¼ì²â¼°Å¨¶È¼à²â¡¢ÒÖÓôÖ¢¸öÐÔ»¯»ùÒò¼ì²âµÈ¼ì²âÏîÄ¿¼°×¨ÒµµÄ±¨¸æ½â¶Á·þÎñ£¬×ÊÖúÁÙ´²³éË¿°þ¼ëÑ°ÕÒñ²ðﲡÒò¡¢Ö¸µ¼»¼Õ߸öÐÔ»¯¾«×¼ÓÃÒ©£¬´Ó¶ø×ÊÖú»¼Õß¼°ÕÕ»¤ÕßÌá¸ßÉúÑÄÖÊÁ¿¡£
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× [1] 50%ȪԴÓÚÖйú¿¹ñ²ðïлáµÄÊý¾Ý£º¡¶¹ØÓÚ¼ÌÐø¿ªÕ¹¡°6.28 ¹ú¼Êñ²ðï¹Ø°®ÈÕ¡±¹«Òæ»î¶¯µÄ֪ͨ¡· [2] Öйú¿¹ñ²ðïлá. ÁÙ´²ÕïÁÆÖ¸ÄÏ: ñ²ðﲡ·Ö²á. ±±¾©: ÈËÃñÎÀÉú³öÊéÉç, 2023. [3] Scheffer IE, Berkovic S, Capovilla G etc. ILAE classification of the epilepsies: Position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia. 2017 Apr;58(4):512-521. [4] Фäì,ÌÀ¼Ìºê.ÃâÒßÐÔÒòËØËùÖÂñ²(°G)±¬·¢¼°ÃâÒßÏà¹ØÐÔñ²(°G)µÄÑо¿Ï£Íû[J].ÖйúÁÙ´²Éñ¾¿Æѧ,2023,31(4):435-441.